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In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Five Dhyani Buddhas (), also known as the Five Wisdom Tathāgatas (), the Five Great Buddhas and the Five Jinas (Sanskrit for "conqueror" or "victor"), are representations of the five qualities of the Buddha. The term "dhyani-buddha" is first recorded in English by the British Resident in Nepal, Brian Hodgson,〔Bogle (1999) pp. xxxiv-xxxv〕 in the early 19th century, and is unattested in any surviving traditional primary sources.〔Saunders, E Dale, "A Note on Śakti and Dhyānibuddha," ''History of Religions'' 1 (1962): pp. 300-06.〕 These five Buddhas are a common subject of Vajrayana mandalas. These five Buddhas are the primary object of realization and meditation in Shingon Buddhism, a school of Vajarayana Buddhism founded in Japan by Kūkai. ==Origination== The Five Wisdom Buddhas are a later development, based on the East Asian Yogācāra elaboration of concepts concerning the jñāna of the Buddhas, of the trikaya or "three body" theory of Buddhahood. Dhyani Buddhas are aspects of the dharmakaya "dharma-body", which embodies the principle of enlightenment in Buddhism. Initially, two Buddhas appeared to represent wisdom and compassion: Akshobhya and Amitābha. A further distinction embodied the aspects of power, or activity, and the aspect of beauty, or spiritual riches. In the ''Golden Light Sutra'', an early Mahayana text, the figures are named Dundubishvara and Ratnaketu, but over time their names changed to become Amoghasiddhi, and Ratnasambhava. The central figure came to be called Vairocana. When these Buddhas are represented in mandalas, they may not always have the same colour or be related to the same directions. In particular, Akshobhya and Vairocana may be switched. When represented in a Vairocana mandala, the Buddhas are arranged like this: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Five Dhyani Buddhas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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